{"id":5844,"date":"2021-05-07T13:17:58","date_gmt":"2021-05-07T20:17:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.circuitspecialists.com\/blog\/?p=5844"},"modified":"2021-07-30T11:38:18","modified_gmt":"2021-07-30T18:38:18","slug":"smart-house-project-part-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.circuitspecialists.com\/blog\/smart-house-project-part-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Smart House Project – Part 2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A smart house<\/a> should provide its occupants with more than just comfort. It should also provide a sense of security and a smart house is no different. For the sake of argument, a smart house should do more than just provide a passive defense system for stopping intruders. A smart house should be equipped with a sensor system that actively listens to outside noise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Today’s project, we will use a speaker and a Piezo element as a sound sensor. If you are following along with the ARD-02 201 Arduino Basics Starter Kit<\/a>, this will be covered under these 2 lessons: Melody (pg.53) and Knock Sensor(pg.63). I will be referencing the information from these 2 lessons as they provide a great deal of information such as schematics, circuit and coding theory, explanation, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Part list<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\"ARD-02<\/a>
ARD-02 201 Arduino Basics Starter Kit<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

100 Ohm resistor <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speaker<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1M Ohm resistor <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Piezo Buzzer <\/p>\n\n\n\n

OSEPP Uno Board<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sound Circuit<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

The sound circuit is fairly simple to assemble, the resistor connects to the speaker in series.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Plug the circuit into an Uno to make sure everything works. OSEPP provided the sound example code in this link http:\/\/osepp.com\/files\/osepp_201K.zip<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I will attach the schematic below for your reference or page 55 on the OSEPP handbook.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Now, we will try to build the same circuit with a slightly bigger speaker for our house.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Finally, you can protect the resistor by covering it with a T3 heat shrink tube and then set it aside.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Knock Sensor Circuit<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

This circuit is also fairly simple to build and test out before installing in the house.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

I usually upload the provided code from OSEPP to make sure the system works before moving on to the next step.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Now we need to build the sound sensor so that it can go into the smart house project. The resistor is connected parallel to the Piezo Buzzer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Fold the wires down so the heat shrink tube<\/a> can go over it. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

The final product should look like the photo below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Next, install the Sound system and the Knock Sensor to the house. Give yourself a pat on the back because the hard part is done. We will go over the code below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
The Code<\/h5>\n\n\n\n

I will go over what changes only and the full code file will be attached below in case you need it. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the Light Sensor Code, I change Second_Floor_LED to pin 5 so that I can use analogWrite instead of the digitalWrite function. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

int First_Floor_LED = 3;\nint Second_Floor_LED = 5;\n\nvoid LightControl(int LightLevel)\n{\n  int Light = map(LightLevel,0,5,0,250);\n  \n    analogWrite(First_Floor_LED, Light);\n    analogWrite(Second_Floor_LED,Light);\n\n\n}\n\nvoid LightSensor()\n{\n      int analogValue;\n    int range;\n\n\/\/ read our photocell\nanalogValue = analogRead(photocellPin);\n\/\/ map the sensor range to a range of four options\nrange = map(analogValue, sensorMin, sensorMax, 0, 3);\n\n\/\/ do something different depending on the \n\/\/ range value\nswitch (range) \n{\n    \/\/ Dark turn on the light \n    case 0:\n        Serial.println(\"dark\");\n        LightControl(5);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(First_Floor_LED, HIGH);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(Second_Floor_LED, HIGH);\n        break;\n    \/\/ Dim turn on the light \n    case 1:\n        Serial.println(\"dim\");\n        LightControl(5);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(First_Floor_LED, HIGH);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(Second_Floor_LED, HIGH);\n        break;\n    \/\/ Medium turn off the ligh \n    case 2: \n        Serial.println(\"medium\");\n        LightControl(0);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(First_Floor_LED, LOW);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(Second_Floor_LED, LOW);\n        break;\n    \/\/ Bright Turn off the ligh \n    case 3:\n        Serial.println(\"bright\");\n        LightControl(0);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(First_Floor_LED, LOW);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(Second_Floor_LED, LOW);\n        break;\n}\n\n\/\/ wait 0.25s before reading the photocell again\ndelay(25);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The Alarm system <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/ iterate over the notes of the melody\nfor (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < numberOfNotes; thisNote++)\n{\n    \/\/ grab our note and note duration from our array\n    int thisNoteTone = melody[thisNote][0];\n    int thisNoteDuration = melody[thisNote][1];\n\n    \/\/ to calculate the note duration in ms\n    int noteDurationMS = 100 \/ thisNoteDuration;\n\n    \/\/ play the note\n    tone(speakerPin, thisNoteTone, noteDurationMS);\nvoid Alarm_System()\n{\n   int analogValue;\n\n    \/\/ read the sensor and store it in the variable sensorReading:\n    analogValue = analogRead(piezoPin);\n    Serial.print (\"Loud= \");Serial.println(analogValue);\n    \/\/ if the sensor reading is greater than the threshold:\n    if (analogValue > threshold)\n    {\n        \/\/ send the string \"Knock!\" back to the computer, followed by newline\n        \/\/Serial.println(\"Knock!\");\n    for(int i = 0; i<10; i++) \n    { \n    alarm_sound();\n    LightControl(5);\n    delay(10);\n    }\n    \n    }\n        digitalWrite(First_Floor_LED, LOW);\n        digitalWrite(Second_Floor_LED, LOW);\n    \/\/ delay to avoid overloading the serial port buffer\n    delay(10);\n}\nvoid alarm_sound()\n{\n         \/\/ figure out the number of notes in our melody\n    int numberOfNotes = sizeof(melody) \/ sizeof(melody[0]);\n\n    \/\/ iterate over the notes of the melody\n    for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < numberOfNotes; thisNote++)\n    {\n        \/\/ grab our note and note duration from our array\n        int thisNoteTone = melody[thisNote][0];\n        int thisNoteDuration = melody[thisNote][1];\n\n        \/\/ to calculate the note duration in ms\n        int noteDurationMS = 100 \/ thisNoteDuration;\n\n        \/\/ play the note\n        tone(speakerPin, thisNoteTone, noteDurationMS);\n\n        \/\/ to distinguish the notes, set a minimum time between them.\n        \/\/ the note's duration + 30% seems to work well:\n        delay(noteDurationMS * 1.30);\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The Welcome song from the OSEPP source code <\/p>\n\n\n\n
int WelcomeSong()\n{\n    int numberOfNotes = sizeof(melody) \/ sizeof(melody[0]);\n    for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < numberOfNotes; thisNote++)\n    {\n        int thisNoteTone = melody[thisNote][0];\n        int thisNoteDuration = melody[thisNote][1];\n        int noteDurationMS = 1000 \/ thisNoteDuration;\n        \/\/ play the note\n        tone(speakerPin, thisNoteTone, noteDurationMS);\n        delay(noteDurationMS * 1.30);\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The full code<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\/\/Project: Smart House \n\n\/\/ include our list of note pitches\n#include \"pitches.h\"\n\nint First_Floor_LED = 3;\nint Second_Floor_LED = 5;\n\n\/\/ the photocell voltage divider pin\nint photocellPin = A0;\nint piezoPin = A1;\n\n\/\/ the pin the speaker is attached to\nint speakerPin = 8;\n\n\nconst int sensorMin = 0;\n\/\/ sensor maximum, discovered through experiment\nconst int sensorMax = 800;\nconst int threshold = 10; \n\n\/\/ the notes in our melody and their duration in fractions of a second\n\/\/ e.g. quarter note = 4, eighth note = 8, etc.\nconst int melody[][2] = \n{\n    {NOTE_C4, 4},\n    {NOTE_G3, 8},\n    {NOTE_G3, 8},\n    {NOTE_A3, 4},\n    {NOTE_G3, 4},\n    {NOTE_BLANK, 4},\n    {NOTE_B3, 4},\n    {NOTE_C4, 4}\n};\n\nvoid setup()\n{\n    \/\/ set up serial at 9600 baud   \n    Serial.begin(9600);\n    pinMode(First_Floor_LED, OUTPUT);\n    pinMode(Second_Floor_LED, OUTPUT);\n    WelcomeSong();\n}\n\nvoid loop()\n{\n  LightSensor();\n Alarm_System();\n}\n\nvoid Alarm_System()\n{\n   int analogValue;\n\n    \/\/ read the sensor and store it in the variable sensorReading:\n    analogValue = analogRead(piezoPin);\n    Serial.print (\"Loud= \");Serial.println(analogValue);\n    \/\/ if the sensor reading is greater than the threshold:\n    if (analogValue > threshold)\n    {\n        \/\/ send the string \"Knock!\" back to the computer, followed by newline\n        \/\/Serial.println(\"Knock!\");\n    for(int i = 0; i<10; i++) \n    { \n    alarm_sound();\n    LightControl(5);\n    delay(10);\n    }\n    \n    }\n        digitalWrite(First_Floor_LED, LOW);\n        digitalWrite(Second_Floor_LED, LOW);\n    \/\/ delay to avoid overloading the serial port buffer\n    delay(10);\n}\nvoid alarm_sound()\n{\n         \/\/ figure out the number of notes in our melody\n    int numberOfNotes = sizeof(melody) \/ sizeof(melody[0]);\n\n    \/\/ iterate over the notes of the melody\n    for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < numberOfNotes; thisNote++)\n    {\n        \/\/ grab our note and note duration from our array\n        int thisNoteTone = melody[thisNote][0];\n        int thisNoteDuration = melody[thisNote][1];\n\n        \/\/ to calculate the note duration in ms\n        int noteDurationMS = 100 \/ thisNoteDuration;\n\n        \/\/ play the note\n        tone(speakerPin, thisNoteTone, noteDurationMS);\n\n        \/\/ to distinguish the notes, set a minimum time between them.\n        \/\/ the note's duration + 30% seems to work well:\n        delay(noteDurationMS * 1.30);\n    }\n}\n\nint WelcomeSong()\n{\n    int numberOfNotes = sizeof(melody) \/ sizeof(melody[0]);\n    for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < numberOfNotes; thisNote++)\n    {\n        int thisNoteTone = melody[thisNote][0];\n        int thisNoteDuration = melody[thisNote][1];\n        int noteDurationMS = 1000 \/ thisNoteDuration;\n        \/\/ play the note\n        tone(speakerPin, thisNoteTone, noteDurationMS);\n        delay(noteDurationMS * 1.30);\n    }\n}\n\nvoid LightSensor()\n{\n      int analogValue;\n    int range;\n\n\/\/ read our photocell\nanalogValue = analogRead(photocellPin);\n\/\/ map the sensor range to a range of four options\nrange = map(analogValue, sensorMin, sensorMax, 0, 3);\n\n\/\/ do something different depending on the \n\/\/ range value\nswitch (range) \n{\n    \/\/ Dark turn on the light \n    case 0:\n        Serial.println(\"dark\");\n        LightControl(5);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(First_Floor_LED, HIGH);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(Second_Floor_LED, HIGH);\n        break;\n    \/\/ Dim turn on the light \n    case 1:\n        Serial.println(\"dim\");\n        LightControl(5);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(First_Floor_LED, HIGH);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(Second_Floor_LED, HIGH);\n        break;\n    \/\/ Medium turn off the ligh \n    case 2: \n        Serial.println(\"medium\");\n        LightControl(0);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(First_Floor_LED, LOW);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(Second_Floor_LED, LOW);\n        break;\n    \/\/ Bright Turn off the ligh \n    case 3:\n        Serial.println(\"bright\");\n        LightControl(0);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(First_Floor_LED, LOW);\n\/\/        digitalWrite(Second_Floor_LED, LOW);\n        break;\n}\n\n\/\/ wait 0.25s before reading the photocell again\ndelay(25);\n}\n\nvoid LightControl(int LightLevel)\n{\n  int Light = map(LightLevel,0,5,0,250);\n  \n    analogWrite(First_Floor_LED, Light);\n    analogWrite(Second_Floor_LED,Light);\n\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
The video below demonstrates how the active sensor working to detect disturbing noises at night.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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